Iranians’ most basic rights are being violated. Internet access and privacy have become integral to the fundamental human rights of freedom of speech, expression and association, the right to access information, and the right to privacy. Yet with the development of the NIN, which has advanced ...

Under Rouhani, internet filtering in Iran has not only continued, it has been strengthened, maintaining the long-term trend toward ever-increasing censorship and reduced access to secure personal communications. Although users can use mechanisms such as a proxy or VPN to circumvent the filters, Iranians’ right to ...

The increase in speed has had important implications that has affected all aspects of Iranian society—political, social, business, academic and cultural. It allows the transfer of large files, video streaming, the use of VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol, used in messaging applications such as WhatsApp, Telegram ...